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Polymers and plastics: a chemical introduction
Polymers and plastics are permeable and their barrier properties may impact their suitability for a specific application. In packaging, for example, ineffective barrier properties may render the enclosed product vulnerable to surrounding environmental factors, such as water, humidity, and oxygen, including its future storage.
Permeability properties are essential data for the selection of materials and design of products across a broad range of market sectors from food packaging to automotive applications to medical devices.
The transport of gases and liquids through polymer membranes (plastic films) is caused by either a pressure or temperature gradient, or by an external force field.
Oxygen transmission rate and water vapour transmission rate are two key material specification properties which determine the shelf life of food packaging.
When we say that a material or packaging has a particular gas permeability, for instance oxygen, it gives us an idea of the amount of gas molecules that pass over the surface of the material or packaging. Although in daily life there is a common perception that plastics are “waterproof” this is not true, given that they allow the exchange of gases, vapours or radiations through them, according to the type of polymer used in the packaging production.
Cussler published permeability properties of plastics and elastomers find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
Acrylic is a transparent plastic material with outstanding strength, stiffness, and optical clarity. Acrylic sheet is easy to fabricate, bonds well with adhesives and solvents, and is easy to thermoform. It has superior weathering properties compared to many other transparent plastics. Acrylic sheet exhibits glass-like qualities—clarity, brilliance, and transparency—but at half the weight and many times the impact resistance of glass.
Physicochemical properties and varying polymerization processes affect the permeability of the plastic films.
High-performance plastics: mostly thermoplastic with high heat resistance. In other words, they have good mechanical resistance to high temperatures, particularly up to 150°c. Polyimide (pi), polysulfone (psu), polyethersulfone (pes), polyarylsulfone (pas), polyphenylene sulfide (pps) and liquid crystal polymers (lcp) are high-performance plastics.
May 5, 2018 food; plastic packaging must maintain the same physical, chemical, mechanical, and permeability behavior during the food's entire shelf life,.
Permeability and other film properties of plastics and elastomers this handbook is a unique database reference on the barrier and film properties of 145 plastics and elastomers to detailed discussions and test results. Data presented details the differences in permeation between generic families of plastic and rubber materials.
Oxygen permeability testing is made in accordance with astm d-3985, astm f-1927 and astm f-1307, din 53380-3 or jis k 7126. Water vapor permeability rates can be determined according to astm f1249, bs 7406 method a, iso 9932 or tappi t557.
Permeability properties are essential data for the selection of materials and design of products across a broad range of market sectors from food packaging to automotive applications to medical devices. This unique handbook brings together a wealth of permeability data in a form that enables quick like-for-like comparisons between materials.
Water vapor permeability (gravimetric) din 53122-1 / din 53122-a; gas permeability gas permeability (infrared absorption method) din 53380-4 / din 53380-i; gas permeability (rubber and elastomers) din 53536; gas permeability (plastic films manometric) din 53380-2 / din 53380-m; gas permeability (carrier gas method) din 53380-3 / din 53380-s.
Permeability and other film properties of plastics and elastomers by william woishnis - hardcover **mint condition**.
Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers book description permeability properties of plastics and elastomers, fourth edition provides a comprehensive collection of graphical multipoint and tabular data covering the permeation of liquids, vapors, and gases through plastic or polymeric materials, such as films, membranes, and containers.
Permeability, diffusivity and solubility hydrogen transport in polymers has been extensively studied, particularly for high-vacuum systems. Similar to studies of metals, studies of the hydrogen permeation in polymers have generally been performed at low pressure.
(smith et al 1991) plastic films are used extensively in food packaging due to economic considerations and advantages in physical, mechanical, and chemical properties over other packaging materials. However, moisture may permeate plastic packaging materials during storage, resulting in a loss of food quality.
Properties: poor barrier properties excellent optical clarity highly rigid material polyvinyl chloride (pvc) in addition to its stable physical properties, pvc has good chemical resistance, weather-ability, fl ow characteristics and stable electrical properties.
All polyamides tend to absorb moisture that can affect their properties. Properties are often reported as dry as molded or conditioned, usually at equilibrium in 50% relative humidity (rh) at 23°c. The absorbed water tends to act like a plasticizer and can have a significant effect on the plastics properties.
Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers, fourth edition provides a comprehensive collection of graphical multipoint and tabular data covering the permeation of liquids, vapors, and gases through plastic or polymeric materials, such as films, membranes, and containers.
Pis are high-temperature engineering polymers originally developed by the dupont company. Pis exhibit an exceptional combination of thermal stability ( 500 °c),.
The properties of the polymer, such as permeability of the polymer structure, have also a key role. The size of the gaps in the polymer depends largely on the physical state, which can be either glassy, rubbery or crystalline. For example rubbery polymers have larger gaps and therefore higher diffusion rates compared to other types of polymers.
Results: the nano-caco3 additive has decreased the permeability of the pp and or the application of multilayer combinations of plastic techniques to reduce barrier properties (permeability test): the water vapor transmission rates.
This second edition is the only data handbook on the barrier and film properties of polymeric materials in thin sections.
After examining several of these properties, we found a cor- relation between noble gas permeation of a number of polymers and the oxygen.
Find 9781437734690 permeability properties of plastics and elastomers 3rd edition by mckeen at over 30 bookstores.
Properties, autoclavable and gamma capable relatively low breaking strength and surface hard-ness, high viscosity, soft to rigid, sensiti-ve to tension cracks, water repellent autoclaving not suitable products made from pp can be autoclaved up to 121°c without significantly impairing their mechanical properties.
Maintainance of the package barrier properties towards oxygen, water.
Aug 8, 2019 in terms of transport properties, pγbl exhibited a high-water vapor transmission rate as well as high carbon dioxide and oxygen permeability.
Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers is the only data handbock on the barrier and film properties of polymeric materials in thin sections. Data on permeation of liquids, gases, moisture, aroma, and flavor - all important consideartions in a wide range of applications - is extensive. Extensive data ranges from a general overview of the barrier properties of plastics and elastomers to detailed discussions and test results.
Particularly the low gas permeability properties of phas and their composites' could lead to applications in food packaging.
This plastic is usually milky white or semi-translucent, has superior puncture, low permeability and temperature resistance, and is more rigid and stronger than ldpe / lldpe but also tears easier and has a propensity to crinkle. Most shopping, grocery and trash bags in the usa are made of this plastic.
Synthetic polymers, which includes the large group known as plastics, came into prominence in the early twentieth century. Chemists' ability to engineer them to yield a desired set of properties (strength, stiffness, density, heat resistance, electrical conductivity) has greatly expanded the many roles they play in the modern industrial economy.
Transparent, 88% light transmission (at 400 - 800nm) general. Low elongation at break and heat resistance, excellent electrical insulating features, not suitable for high centrifigal forces.
Purchase permeability properties of plastics and elastomers - 3rd edition.
The experimental methods of determination of polymer barrier properties suitable of permeability determination.
Single and multi-layer polyethylene-based films are being used to package many different food products.
View plastic materials found under a specific property group: click on the tab of a specific property group. Sort plastic materials: click the down or up arrows (triangles) or column headings to sort plastic materials or material properties. Compare plastic materials: select two or more materials and then press compare materials.
Permeability is an important consideration for plastics because plastics are frequently used as containers, tubing, or other packaging to keep the contained items and liquids free from contaminants. Permeability is also a concern with respect to sterility for biomedical plastics applications and high-tech analytical equipment.
This data handbook features the barrier and film properties of polymeric materials in thin sections. Data on permeation of liquids, gases, moisture, aroma and flavor are extensive. The data range from a general overview of the barrier properties of plastics and elastomers to detailed discussions and test results.
Permeability properties are essential data for the selection of materials and design of products across a broad range of market sectors from food packaging to automotive applications to medical devices. This unique handbook brings together a wealth of permeability data in a form that enables quick like-for-like comparisons between materials. The data is supported by a full explanation of its interpretation, and an introduction to the engineering aspects of permeability in polymers.
Apr 23, 2015 a look at food packaging material barrier properties, including permeability of gases (such as o2, co2, and n2), water vapour, aroma.
Massey, l k, permeability properties of plastics and elastomers, 2003, andrew publishing, isbn 978-1-884207-97-6; astm f1249 standard test method for water vapor transmission rate through plastic film and sheeting using a modulated infrared sensor.
Table 1: otr permeability properties of polypropylene and other plastic films.
Mar 1, 2011 key words: biodegradable, nanobiocomposites, pcl, pla, phbv, pet, packaging films, oxygen permeability, wvtr, diffusion, ethanol,.
Oct 12, 2011 permeability properties of plastics and elastomers a unique collection of permeability data designed to enable quick like-for-like comparisons.
Plastics have become indispensable in modern life and the material of choice in packaging applications, but they have also caused increasing plastic waste accumulation in oceans and landfills.
A guide to characteristics of over 125 major plastic and elastomer packaging materials.
The water vapor permeability (wvp) properties of three polymer resins used for battery container materials were investigated.
Permeability and plastic packaging categories: analysis and testing, packaging when we say that a material or packaging has a particular gas permeability, for instance oxygen, it gives us an idea of the amount of gas molecules that pass over the surface of the material or packaging.
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